Aetiology
Typhoid fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Salmonella Typhi. It is spread through contaminated food and water.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is made through a combination of a physical exam, lab tests, and cultures. Blood tests can detect antibodies to the bacteria and a stool sample can be tested for the presence of the bacteria.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis includes other bacterial infections, such as cholera, shigellosis, and campylobacteriosis.
Treatment
Treatment for typhoid fever includes antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin or ceftriaxone. Supportive care, such as fluids, may also be necessary. Vaccination is also recommended for those who are at risk of contracting the disease.
Prognosis
The prognosis for typhoid fever is generally good with prompt treatment. However, without treatment, the disease can be fatal.