Aetiology
Trachoma is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It is spread by contact with the eyes, nose, and throat secretions of infected individuals, as well as through contact with contaminated clothing, bedding, and towels.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of trachoma is typically based on a combination of clinical signs and symptoms. These may include redness, swelling, and discharge in the eyes, as well as visible scarring of the cornea. A laboratory test may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis
Other causes of eye redness and discharge, such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, and blepharitis, must be ruled out.
Treatment
Treatment of trachoma includes topical antibiotics and, in severe cases, oral antibiotics. Surgery may be necessary in the most severe cases.
Prognosis
With early diagnosis and treatment, trachoma is usually curable. However, if left untreated, it can lead to blindness.