Aetiology
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease of unknown cause, although it is believed to result from a genetic mutation in the dendritic cells of the immune system.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of LCH is typically made after a physical examination and skin biopsy are performed. The biopsy is used to identify the presence of LCH cells in the skin. Other tests, such as blood tests, chest X-ray, and imaging scans, may also be used to determine the extent of the disease.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of LCH is typically done to rule out other skin diseases such as eczema, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis.
Treatment
Treatment of LCH involving the skin typically includes topical steroids, phototherapy, antibiotics, and immunosuppressants. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary.
Prognosis
The prognosis of LCH involving the skin is generally good, although it can vary depending on the extent of the disease. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to ensure a good outcome.