Aetiology
The primary cause of other specified malignant neoplasms of the rectum is unknown. Risk factors may include chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, a family history of colorectal cancer, and a diet high in fat and red meat.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, imaging studies, such as a CT scan or MRI, and an endoscopic biopsy of the tumor.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis includes inflammatory diseases of the rectum, such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease, as well as benign polyps, such as adenomas.
Treatment
Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the tumor, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.
Prognosis
Prognosis is typically good if the tumor is detected early and completely removed. However, prognosis depends on the size and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient’s overall health.