Aetiology
Adenocarcinoma of the urethra or paraurethral gland is an aggressive cancer of the urethra or paraurethral glands. It is caused by an abnormal growth of cells in the urethra or paraurethral glands. It is more common in women than men and is more likely to occur in those who have a history of smoking, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, or chemical exposure.
Diagnosis
Adenocarcinoma of the urethra or paraurethral gland is usually diagnosed through a physical examination, imaging tests, and biopsy. Physical examination may include a pelvic exam to check for any abnormalities. Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI can help detect tumors and other abnormalities. A biopsy is usually needed to confirm the diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis for adenocarcinoma of the urethra or paraurethral gland includes other types of cancer, such as squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma. Other conditions such as an infection, inflammation, or benign tumors can also be considered.
Treatment
Treatment for adenocarcinoma of the urethra or paraurethral gland depends on the size, location, and spread of the tumor. Treatment may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or a combination of these.
Prognosis
The prognosis for adenocarcinoma of the urethra or paraurethral gland depends on the stage and grade of the tumor. In general, the earlier the tumor is found, the better the prognosis. Treatment can help improve the prognosis, but the outcome cannot always be predicted.