Aetiology
Malignant neuroepithelial tumours of the retina (MNETs) are rare, aggressive cancers that arise from the neural cells of the retina. They are typically found in the subretinal space and can spread to other parts of the body via the bloodstream. Risk factors for developing MNETs include genetic predisposition, radiation exposure, and advanced age.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of MNETs typically begins with an ophthalmologic examination to assess for any abnormalities in the eye. Imaging studies such as an MRI, CT scan, and fundus photography may be used to further evaluate the tumor and its extent. A biopsy of the tumor may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis
Other conditions that may be confused with MNETs include retinoblastoma, astrocytoma, and choroidal melanoma.
Treatment
Treatment of MNETs typically involves surgery to remove the tumor and any affected tissue. This may be combined with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy.
Prognosis
Prognosis for MNETs is generally poor, with a median survival rate of 6 months. However, some patients may have an improved prognosis with early diagnosis and aggressive treatment.