Aetiology
Acute septic splenitis is a rare infection of the spleen caused by bacteria, such as Streptococci or Staphylococci. It can also be caused by viruses, fungi or parasites. The infection usually occurs due to an underlying condition, such as an immunodeficiency, sickle cell anemia, or a splenic infarct.
Diagnosis
To diagnose acute septic splenitis, a physical examination is conducted to assess the patient’s overall health and to check for signs of infection. Blood tests and imaging studies, such as X-rays, CT scans, and/or ultrasound, are also typically done to confirm the diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis
The differential diagnosis of acute septic splenitis includes other conditions that can cause symptoms of abdominal pain and fever, such as appendicitis, pancreatitis, and cholecystitis.
Treatment
Treatment for acute septic splenitis typically involves antibiotics, either orally or intravenously, to fight the infection. Surgery may also be necessary if the infection is severe or if the spleen needs to be removed.
Prognosis
The prognosis for acute septic splenitis is generally good if the infection is treated promptly and appropriately. In some cases, however, the infection can be fatal if not treated in time.