Aetiology
Hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis (HUV) is an autoimmune disorder caused by a malfunctioning immune system. It is characterized by an inflammatory response to the body’s own proteins, resulting in an accumulation of immune complexes in the blood vessels. This leads to inflammation and damage to the small blood vessels and skin, causing hives and other skin problems.
Diagnosis
HUV is diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Blood tests may reveal a low level of complement proteins, which is indicative of HUV. Imaging tests, such as an ultrasound or CT scan, can also be used to evaluate the size and severity of the inflammation.
Differential diagnosis
HUV can be difficult to diagnose as the symptoms can be similar to those of other conditions such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and dermatomyositis. A thorough evaluation of the patient’s medical history and physical examination can help differentiate HUV from these other conditions.
Treatment
Treatment for HUV typically includes a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. The medications may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants. Lifestyle modifications, such as avoiding triggers, may also help reduce symptoms.
Prognosis
The prognosis for HUV is generally good, but it can vary depending on the severity of the condition. With prompt and effective treatment, most patients can achieve a good level of control over their symptoms.