Aetiology
Allergic or hypersensitivity disorders involving the respiratory tract can be caused by a variety of environmental allergens including pollen, dust mites, pet dander, mold, and other airborne particles. Other factors such as exposure to cigarette smoke, chemical irritants, or certain medications can also contribute to the development of these disorders.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of allergic or hypersensitivity disorders of the respiratory tract is based on a combination of patient history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and skin or other allergy tests. Chest imaging may also be needed to evaluate the extent of the disorder.
Differential diagnosis
Other conditions that may need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of allergic or hypersensitivity disorders of the respiratory tract include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis, and other infections.
Treatment
Treatment for allergic or hypersensitivity disorders of the respiratory tract may include avoidance of the allergen, medications such as antihistamines and corticosteroids, and immunotherapy (allergy shots).
Prognosis
The prognosis for allergic or hypersensitivity disorders of the respiratory tract is generally good with proper diagnosis and treatment.