Aetiology
Anaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening systemic allergic reaction. It is caused by the release of histamine and other mediators from mast cells and basophils, triggered by an allergen or other stimulus.
Diagnosis
Anaphylaxis is diagnosed based on the presence of characteristic clinical features, including skin, respiratory, and/or cardiovascular symptoms.
Differential diagnosis
The differential diagnosis includes other causes of acute allergic reactions, such as allergic angioedema, urticaria, and vasomotor rhinitis.
Treatment
Treatment of anaphylaxis is immediate, and involves the use of epinephrine and other supportive measures. Other medications, such as antihistamines and corticosteroids, may also be used.
Prognosis
Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening condition, but prompt recognition and treatment can be life-saving. The prognosis is excellent with prompt and appropriate management.