Aetiology
Overweight or localised adiposity is caused by an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. This can be due to increased consumption of energy-dense foods combined with a sedentary lifestyle. In some cases, it can also be caused by genetic and endocrine factors.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of overweight or localised adiposity can be done by measuring body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and skin fold thickness.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of overweight or localised adiposity includes other conditions such as hypothyroidism, Cushing’s syndrome, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and Prader-Willi syndrome.
Treatment
Treatment of overweight or localised adiposity includes lifestyle changes such as dietary modifications, physical activity, and behavior modification. Additionally, medications such as orlistat and liraglutide may be prescribed for weight loss.
Prognosis
Prognosis of overweight or localised adiposity is generally good with lifestyle modifications, medication, and weight loss. However, long-term success is dependent on continued adherence to diet and exercise.