Aetiology
Stimulant-induced psychotic disorder is classified as a psychotic disorder that is triggered by the use of stimulant drugs such as amphetamines, methamphetamine, or methcathinone. Long-term use of stimulants can lead to a decrease in dopamine levels in the brain which can cause a disruption in the neurotransmitter balance, creating a predisposition to psychosis.
Diagnosis
Stimulant-induced psychotic disorder can be diagnosed based on a medical history, physical examination, and lab tests. A mental health professional must evaluate the patient to determine if the symptoms are due to a psychotic disorder. Symptoms can include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, paranoia, and hostility.
Differential diagnosis
Stimulant-induced psychotic disorder must be distinguished from other psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder. The differential diagnosis also includes substance-induced psychotic disorder, which can be caused by other types of drugs and alcohol.
Treatment
Treatment for stimulant-induced psychotic disorder typically includes a combination of psychotherapy and medication. Antipsychotic medications can help reduce symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and paranoia. Psychotherapy can help the patient identify underlying psychological issues that may be contributing to the disorder and can help them learn healthy coping strategies.
Prognosis
The prognosis of stimulant-induced psychotic disorder depends on the severity of the disorder and the patient’s response to treatment. The prognosis is usually good with proper treatment and lifestyle changes. However, relapse is possible, so ongoing monitoring is needed to ensure that the disorder does not return.