Aetiology
The aetiology of an episode of harmful use of hallucinogens is largely unknown, however, there is evidence to suggest that certain factors may contribute to the development of an episode. These include genetic vulnerability, psychological vulnerability, environmental stresses, and social influences.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of an episode of harmful use of hallucinogens is made based on the patient’s history and presentation, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. It is important to consider any other psychiatric or medical issues that may be present.
Differential diagnosis
The differential diagnosis of an episode of harmful use of hallucinogens includes other substance use disorders, psychotic disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and personality disorders.
Treatment
The treatment of an episode of harmful use of hallucinogens typically involves a combination of pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and supportive therapies. Medications may be used to help reduce the intensity of the hallucinations, while psychotherapy and supportive therapies can help the patient to cope with the symptoms and reduce the risk of relapse.
Prognosis
The prognosis for an episode of harmful use of hallucinogens is largely dependent on the severity of the episode and the patient’s response to treatment. With proper diagnosis and treatment, most patients can make a full recovery.