Aetiology
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). The cause of demyelination is not entirely understood, but it is believed to be related to the body’s autoimmune response, in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues.
Diagnosis
Demyelination due to SLE can be diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, imaging studies, laboratory tests, and neurological assessment. The diagnosis is based on the presence of characteristic clinical features and laboratory evidence of SLE.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of demyelination due to SLE includes other autoimmune disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, as well as infectious diseases, such as HIV/AIDS or Lyme disease.
Treatment
Treatment of demyelination due to SLE focuses on controlling the underlying autoimmune disorder with immunosuppressive agents, such as corticosteroids or antimalarial drugs. In addition, supportive measures, such as physical therapy, may be recommended to help improve muscle strength and movement.
Prognosis
The prognosis of demyelination due to SLE is variable and depends on the severity of the condition. In some cases, the demyelination may be reversible with treatment, while in other cases, it may be permanent.