Aetiology
The exact cause of juvenile absence epilepsy is unknown. However, it is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of juvenile absence epilepsy is based on the patient’s medical history and a physical exam. An electroencephalogram (EEG) may also be used to identify abnormal electrical activity in the brain associated with the condition.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of juvenile absence epilepsy includes other seizure disorders such as juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, and idiopathic generalized epilepsy.
Treatment
Treatment of juvenile absence epilepsy typically involves anticonvulsant medications such as ethosuximide and valproic acid, which help to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures.
Prognosis
The prognosis for juvenile absence epilepsy is generally good with treatment, although some patients may have recurrent seizures even with medication. Long-term prognosis depends on the underlying cause, the severity of the condition, and how well the patient responds to treatment.