Aetiology
Polyneuropathy in nutritional deficiency is caused by a lack of essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids that are found in food. This lack of essential nutrients can cause the nerves to become damaged, resulting in polyneuropathy.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of polyneuropathy in nutritional deficiency is based on a physical examination, patient history, and laboratory tests. A thorough history is important to determine if the patient has been following a balanced diet and is getting the recommended daily amount of essential nutrients. Laboratory tests may include a complete blood count, chemistry panel, and vitamin and mineral levels. Additional tests may be ordered to evaluate for other causes of polyneuropathy.
Differential diagnosis
Other causes of polyneuropathy need to be ruled out. These include medications, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, infectious diseases, and toxins.
Treatment
Treatment of polyneuropathy in nutritional deficiency involves correcting the underlying nutritional deficiency. This may include dietary changes and supplementation with essential nutrients. Additional therapies may include physical therapy, medications, and lifestyle modifications.
Prognosis
The prognosis of polyneuropathy in nutritional deficiency is generally good with proper treatment. The prognosis is dependent on the severity and duration of the deficiency and the ability to make dietary and lifestyle changes to correct the underlying deficiency.