Aetiology
Hydrocephalus is a condition in which there is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles of the brain. It is caused by an imbalance in the production and absorption of CSF, or by a blockage of the flow of CSF.
Diagnosis
Hydrocephalus can be diagnosed through physical exams, as well as through imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI.
Differential diagnosis
Other conditions that can cause similar symptoms to those of hydrocephalus include brain tumors, subarachnoid hemorrhage, meningitis, and encephalitis.
Treatment
Treatment of hydrocephalus typically involves the insertion of a shunt in the brain to redirect the flow of CSF from the brain to the abdomen. Surgery may also be performed to remove any blockages.
Prognosis
The prognosis of hydrocephalus is dependent on the cause and severity of the condition. If treated promptly, the prognosis is generally good. However, if left untreated, hydrocephalus can lead to permanent brain damage or even death.