Aetiology
Hordeolum externum, also known as a stye, is caused by a bacterial infection of the eyelid, usually from Staphylococcus aureus.
Diagnosis
Hordeolum externum is usually easily recognizable due to the presence of a painful, red bump on the eyelid. It can be diagnosed through physical examination and by taking a swab of the area to test for bacterial infection.
Differential diagnosis
Other causes of a painful lump on the eyelid should be considered, such as chalazion (a chronic cyst of the eyelid) or blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelid).
Treatment
Treatment for hordeolum externum includes warm compresses and topical antibiotics. Oral antibiotics may also be prescribed if the infection is severe. Surgery may be necessary if the infection does not respond to antibiotics or if the stye is large and causing significant discomfort.
Prognosis
If treated promptly, hordeolum externum usually resolves within a few days. In some cases, however, the infection can spread and cause complications such as abscesses. Recurrences of hordeolum externum are also possible.