Aetiology
Frostbite is an injury caused by extreme cold temperatures. It occurs when the skin and tissue become frozen due to prolonged exposure to cold temperatures. It is most common in the extremities such as the hands, feet, nose, and ears. It can also occur on other parts of the body.
Diagnosis
Frostbite is typically diagnosed by physical examination. The affected area will be pale and may feel cold to the touch. The skin may also be hardened and waxy. In more severe cases, blisters may be present.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of frostbite includes other cold-related injuries such as chilblains, trench foot, and hypothermia.
Treatment
Treatment of frostbite depends on the severity. Mild cases can be treated with rewarming the affected area in warm water. Severe cases may require medical attention and may require surgery to remove the dead tissue.
Prognosis
The prognosis for frostbite depends on the severity of the injury. Mild cases usually heal with no long-term damage. Severe cases may result in tissue damage, skin discoloration, and numbness.