Aetiology
Injuries to the knee or lower leg are usually caused by direct trauma, such as a fall or collision, or by overuse or repetitive motion, such as running or cycling.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of injuries to the knee or lower leg usually involves physical examination, imaging studies, and sometimes laboratory tests. Physical examination may include inspection, palpation, range of motion, and special tests. Imaging studies may include X-rays, MRI, or ultrasound.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of knee or lower leg injuries may include arthritis, tendinitis, bursitis, ligament or tendon tears, fractures, dislocations, and meniscal tears.
Treatment
Treatment of knee or lower leg injuries may include rest, ice, compression, elevation, medications, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery.
Prognosis
The prognosis for knee or lower leg injuries depends on the severity of the injury, the treatment received, and the patient’s overall health. In most cases, the prognosis is good with proper treatment and rehabilitation. However, some injuries may result in long-term or permanent disability.