Aetiology
A strain or sprain of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb is typically caused by a sudden, traumatic force to the joint, such as a fall or blow to the thumb. Repetitive activities such as typing can also lead to a strain or sprain of the joint.
Diagnosis
To diagnose a strain or sprain of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb, a physical exam is usually performed by a medical professional. During the exam, the medical professional will feel for any tenderness or swelling in the joint. If a more serious injury is suspected, imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI scans may be ordered.
Differential diagnosis
Other possible causes for pain and swelling in the interphalangeal joint of the thumb include arthritis, tendonitis, or a fracture.
Treatment
Treatment for a strain or sprain of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb typically includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to reduce pain and swelling. Physical therapy may also be recommended to help increase flexibility and strength in the joint.
Prognosis
With proper treatment, most cases of a strain or sprain of the interphalangeal joint of the thumb will heal within a few weeks or months. In some cases, the joint may become stiff or weak and require ongoing physical therapy to improve range of motion and strength.