Aetiology
Fracture of the upper epiphysis of femur is usually caused by a direct traumatic event, such as a fall or motor vehicle accident. It can also occur with a twisting or forced rotation of the femur.
Diagnosis
Fracture of the upper epiphysis of femur can be diagnosed through physical examination, X-rays, CT scans, or MRI. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and deformity of the affected limb.
Differential diagnosis
Other conditions that can cause similar symptoms include stress fractures, osteomyelitis, avascular necrosis, and bone tumors.
Treatment
Treatment of a fracture of the upper epiphysis of femur typically involves immobilization of the affected limb in a cast or brace to allow for healing. Surgery may be necessary for more severe fractures or for those that are not responding to conservative treatment.
Prognosis
The prognosis for a fracture of the upper epiphysis of femur is generally good. Most fractures can heal with proper treatment and rehabilitation. Complications may include infection, joint stiffness, and chronic pain.