Aetiology
Dislocation of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe, also known as a turf toe, can occur when the ligaments around the joint are stretched beyond their normal range of motion. It is most commonly seen in athletes who participate in sports such as football, soccer, basketball, and running. It can also occur as a result of an injury or trauma, such as a direct blow or a fall.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of a dislocation of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe can be made based on the patient’s history and a physical examination. The patient may complain of pain and swelling in the area of the joint. On physical examination, the joint may be tender to the touch and the toe may appear deformed.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis for a dislocation of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe includes fractures of the toes, tendonitis of the toe, and gout.
Treatment
The treatment of a dislocation of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe typically consists of rest, ice, compression, and elevation. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to reduce pain and swelling. If the dislocation is severe, the patient may need to have the joint surgically repaired.
Prognosis
The prognosis for a dislocation of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe is generally good. Physical therapy may be recommended to strengthen the muscles and ligaments around the joint and to reduce the risk of re-injury. With proper treatment and rehabilitation, most patients can expect a full recovery.