Aetiology
A strain or sprain of the toe is caused by trauma to the toe or foot, such as a fall or twist, or by overstretching or overuse of the muscles and ligaments in the toe.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of a strain or sprain of the toe is typically made through a physical exam and history of the injury. X-rays may be used to rule out a fracture.
Differential diagnosis
The differential diagnosis for a strain or sprain of the toe includes a fracture, tendinitis, or a ligament tear.
Treatment
Treatment for a strain or sprain of the toe may include rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be used to reduce pain and swelling. Physical therapy may help to improve flexibility and strength.
Prognosis
The prognosis for a strain or sprain of the toe is generally good, with most people making a full recovery. Recovery times vary depending on the severity of the injury.