Aetiology
A strain or sprain of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of the great toe can occur due to a sudden twist or direct trauma to the joint, such as landing on the toes after a jump, or being kicked or stepped on. It can also occur due to overuse or repetitive strain, such as from running or jumping activities.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of a strain or sprain of the MTP joint of the great toe is usually made on the basis of the patient’s history and physical examination findings. The injured toe may be swollen, bruised, and tender, and the patient may complain of pain and difficulty walking. X-rays may be taken to rule out a fracture.
Differential diagnosis
Other conditions that may present with similar symptoms as a strain or sprain of the MTP joint of the great toe include a fracture, gout, or rheumatoid arthritis.
Treatment
Treatment of a strain or sprain of the MTP joint of the great toe typically involves the RICE protocol (rest, ice, compression, elevation) to reduce swelling and inflammation. The patient may also be prescribed anti-inflammatory medications and physical therapy to promote healing and restore strength and range of motion. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to repair the ligaments or tendons.
Prognosis
The prognosis for a strain or sprain of the MTP joint of the great toe is generally good. With proper treatment and rehabilitation, the patient should be able to return to their normal activities within a few weeks or months.