Aetiology
Strain or sprain of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the lesser toe is commonly caused by trauma to the toe, such as a twist or overstretching of the joint. It can also be caused by forceful pronation or supination of the foot, repetitive or excessive use of the joint, or improper footwear.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of a strain or sprain of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the lesser toe is usually made based on a physical examination and patient history. The examiner may look for tenderness, swelling, and discoloration of the toe, and may also check for range of motion and strength of the joint. X-rays may be taken to rule out any fractures or other structural damage.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnoses of a strain or sprain of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the lesser toe would include other soft tissue injuries in the foot, such as tendonitis or plantar fasciitis, as well as fractures, dislocations, and diseases of the joint.
Treatment
Treatment of a strain or sprain of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the lesser toe may include rest, ice, elevation, and stretching exercises. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be prescribed to reduce inflammation, and a splint or brace may be used to immobilize the joint. Physical therapy may also be recommended, and in some cases, surgery may be necessary.
Prognosis
The prognosis for a strain or sprain of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the lesser toe is generally good with proper treatment. Most patients can return to their normal activities within four to six weeks. However, if the injury is severe or not treated properly, it can lead to chronic pain and instability of the joint.