Aetiology
Respiratory tract burns can occur due to inhalation of hot fumes, smoke, steam, and gas. They can also result from direct contact to caustic agents, such as acids and alkalis.
Diagnosis
Symptoms of respiratory tract burns may include coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, and hoarseness. Other signs of a burn can include burning sensation in the throat, nasal discharge, and bleeding from the nose or mouth. Diagnosis of respiratory tract burns is based on the patient’s medical history and physical examination.
Differential diagnosis
Respiratory tract burns must be differentiated from other respiratory conditions, such as asthma, COPD, pneumonia, and bronchitis. Other conditions that should be considered in the differential diagnosis include chemical inhalation, inhalation of foreign bodies, and allergic reactions.
Treatment
Treatment of respiratory tract burns may include oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, antibiotics, and corticosteroids. Surgery may be needed to repair the damaged tissue, and the patient may need to be intubated and mechanically ventilated.
Prognosis
The prognosis of respiratory tract burns depends on the severity of the injury and the promptness of treatment. In general, early recognition and aggressive treatment can improve the outcome and reduce the risk of long-term complications.