Aetiology
Heat stroke is caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures. It occurs when the body’s temperature-regulating system is overwhelmed and unable to cool the body down. Heat stroke can be triggered by factors such as extreme physical exertion, direct exposure to sunlight, dehydration, and certain medical conditions.
Diagnosis
Heat stroke is diagnosed based on medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Symptoms of heat stroke include high body temperature, confusion, headaches, dizziness, nausea, and rapid heartbeat.
Differential diagnosis
Heat stroke should be distinguished from other conditions that can cause similar symptoms, such as heat exhaustion, heat cramps, and dehydration.
Treatment
Treatment for heat stroke involves cooling the body down with cold compresses, and rehydrating with sports drinks or electrolyte replacement solutions. If the person is unconscious, medical attention should be sought immediately.
Prognosis
Most people with heat stroke recover quickly with proper treatment. However, there is a risk of long-term complications such as organ damage, brain damage, and even death.