Aetiology
Hypothermia is caused by an imbalance between the body’s heat production and its ability to dissipate heat. It can be caused by exposure to cold weather, water, or other environmental factors, or by medical conditions such as sepsis or endocrine disorders.
Diagnosis
Hypothermia is diagnosed based on a patient’s symptoms, medical history, and physical examination. It is important to take into account the patient’s temperature, as well as other symptoms such as shivering, confusion, and poor coordination.
Differential diagnosis
Differential diagnosis of hypothermia includes other causes of low body temperature such as sepsis, thyroid disorders, or drug intoxication.
Treatment
Treatment of hypothermia depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Mild hypothermia can usually be treated by providing the patient with warm blankets, warm liquids, and other measures to help the body produce heat. Severe hypothermia requires more aggressive measures, such as rewarming the patient with warm fluids, or using heated blankets or warm water immersion.
Prognosis
The prognosis of hypothermia depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Mild hypothermia can usually be reversed without any long-term complications, while more severe cases may result in organ damage or death.